使用getTarget接口获取状态管理框架代理前的原始对象。

参考示例如下：

import { UIUtils } from '@kit.ArkUI';

@Observed
class UserInfo {
name: string = 'Tom';
}

@Entry
@Component
struct GetTargetDemo {
@State info: UserInfo = new UserInfo();

build() {
Column() {
Text(info.name: ${this.info.name})
Button('Change the properties of the proxy object')
.onClick(() => {
this.info.name = 'Alice'; // The Text component can refresh
})
Button('更改原始对象的属性')
.onClick(() => {
let rawInfo: UserInfo = UIUtils.getTarget(this.info);
if (rawInfo) {
rawInfo.name = 'Bob'; // The Text component cannot be refreshed
}
})
}
}
}
参考链接

getTarget接口：获取状态管理框架代理前的原始对象
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问题描述

运行下面demo，点击使色块消失时，会突然出现在左上角闪烁。

@Entry
@ComponentV2
struct Index {
@Local isShow: boolean = true;

build() {
Stack() {
Stack() {
if (this.isShow) {
Row()
.width(100)
.height(100)
.backgroundColor(Color.Red)
.transition(TransitionEffect.OPACITY.animation({ duration: 150 }));
}
}
.backgroundColor(Color.Green)
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.onClick(() => {
this.isShow = !this.isShow;
});
}
}
解决措施

原因是当变量置为false时，组件会从视图树中移除，导致内层Stack失去内容后位置重置到左上角，可以固定内层Stack组件的宽高来避免，示例如下：

@Entry
@ComponentV2
struct DisappearanceAnimationOffsetFlicker {
@Local isShow: boolean = true;

build() {
Stack() {
Stack() {
if (this.isShow) {
Row()
.width(100)
.height(100)
.backgroundColor(Color.Red)
.transition(TransitionEffect.OPACITY.animation({ duration: 150 }))
}
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.onClick(() => {
this.isShow = !this.isShow
})
}
}
}
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问题现象
如何实现一种翻页动画效果，其中背景以圆弧形式逐步扩大，同时文字向左下方放大并移动？

背景知识
Stack：堆叠容器，子组件按照顺序依次入栈，后一个子组件覆盖前一个子组件。
createAnimator：定义Animator类，可以设置动画播放时长、插值曲线等参数。
解决方案
可通过帧动画实现页面转场效果，具体步骤如下：

定义两个Page组件，分别用于展示不同的页面内容。
class PageContent {
content: string;
style: TextStyle;

constructor(content: string, style: TextStyle = {}) {
this.content = content;
this.style = style;
}
}
配置页面切换时的动画。
this.animator = this.getUIContext().createAnimator({
duration: 500,
easing: 'ease',
delay: 0,
fill: 'forwards',
direction: 'normal',
iterations: 1,
begin: 0, //动画插值起点
end: 500 //动画插值终点
});
this.animator.onFrame = progress => {
this.pageController[0].onFrame?.(progress / 500, this.currentIndex === 1);
this.pageController[1].onFrame?.(progress / 500, this.currentIndex === 0);
};
this.animator.onFinish = () => {
let lastIndex = this.currentIndex;
this.currentIndex = 1 - this.currentIndex;
this.zIndexList[lastIndex] = 1;
this.zIndexList[this.currentIndex] = 0;
this.isAnimating = false;
};
使用Stack布局将两个页面组件堆叠显示。
Stack({ alignContent: Alignment.TopStart }) {
Page({
content: page1Content,
bgColor: '#000',
scaleValue: 1,
controller: this.pageController[0],
isShow: true
})
.zIndex(this.zIndexList[0])
.onClick(() => {
this.handleClick();
});
Page({
content: page2Content,
bgColor: '#fff',
scaleValue: 0.01,
controller: this.pageController[1]
})
.zIndex(this.zIndexList[1])
.onClick(() => {
this.handleClick();
});
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.id('root')
.clip(true);
在用户点击右上角圆形按钮时，触发动画切换。
handleClick() {
if (this.isAnimating) {
return;
}
this.isAnimating = true;
this.animator?.play();
}
完整示例代码如下：

import { AnimatorResult } from '@kit.ArkUI';

class PageContent {
content: string;
style: TextStyle;

constructor(content: string, style: TextStyle = {}) {
this.content = content;
this.style = style;
}
}

const page1Content: PageContent[] = [
new PageContent('Hello everyone, I`am very happy to tell you hello world ',
{ fontSize: 30, fontWeight: 700, fontColor: Color.White }),
new PageContent('The text component is used to display a piece of textual information.Support universal attributes and universal text attributes.',
{ fontColor: Color.White }),
new PageContent('This is the setting of textOverflow to Clip text content This is the setting of textOverflow to None text content. This is the setting of textOverflow to Clip text content This is the setting of textOverflow to None text content.',
{ fontColor: Color.White }),
];

const page2Content: PageContent[] = [
new PageContent('Hello everyone, Please say hello! ', { fontSize: 30 }),
new PageContent('Nice to meet you.', { fontSize: 30 }),
new PageContent('I`m fine thank you and you.', { fontSize: 30 }),
new PageContent('No problem.', { fontSize: 30 }),
];

interface PageInfo {
width: number,
height: number,
centerX: number,
centerY: number
}

class PageController {
push?: (onFinish: () => void) => void;
pop?: (onFinish: () => void) => void;
onFrame?: (progress: number, isPush: boolean) => void;
}

@Entry
@Component
export struct TransitionPage {
@Provide info: PageInfo = {
width: 0,
height: 0,
centerX: 0,
centerY: 0
};
pageController: PageController[] = [];
@State zIndexList: number[] = [];
private isAnimating: boolean = false;
private animator?: AnimatorResult;
private currentIndex: number = 0;

aboutToAppear(): void {
let observer = this.getUIContext().getUIInspector().createComponentObserver('root');
observer.on('layout', () => {
let node = this.getUIContext().getAttachedFrameNodeById('root');
if (node) {
this.info = {
width: this.getUIContext().px2vp(node.getMeasuredSize().width),
height: this.getUIContext().px2vp(node.getMeasuredSize().height),
centerY: 50,
centerX: this.getUIContext().px2vp(node.getMeasuredSize().width) - 40
};
}
});
for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
this.pageController.push(new PageController());
this.zIndexList.push(i);
}
// 页面切换时的动画
this.animator = this.getUIContext().createAnimator({
duration: 500,
easing: 'ease',
delay: 0,
fill: 'forwards',
direction: 'normal',
iterations: 1,
begin: 0, //动画插值起点
end: 500 //动画插值终点
});
this.animator.onFrame = progress => {
this.pageController[0].onFrame?.(progress / 500, this.currentIndex === 1);
this.pageController[1].onFrame?.(progress / 500, this.currentIndex === 0);
};
this.animator.onFinish = () => {
let lastIndex = this.currentIndex;
this.currentIndex = 1 - this.currentIndex;
this.zIndexList[lastIndex] = 1;
this.zIndexList[this.currentIndex] = 0;
this.isAnimating = false;
};
}

aboutToDisappear(): void {
this.animator?.finish();
this.animator = undefined;
}

push(index: number) {
let promise: Promise<void>[] = [];
promise.push(new Promise(resolve => {
this.pageController[index].push?.(() => {
this.zIndexList[index] = 0;
resolve();
});
}));
let lastIndex = 1 - index;
promise.push(new Promise(resolve => {
this.pageController[lastIndex].pop?.(() => {
this.zIndexList[lastIndex] = 1;
resolve();
});
}));
Promise.all(promise).then(() => this.isAnimating = false);
}
// 动画切换事件
handleClick() {
if (this.isAnimating) {
return;
}
this.isAnimating = true;
this.animator?.play();
}

build() {
// 两个页面组件堆叠显示
Stack({ alignContent: Alignment.TopStart }) {
Page({
content: page1Content,
bgColor: '#000',
scaleValue: 1,
controller: this.pageController[0],
isShow: true
})
.zIndex(this.zIndexList[0])
.onClick(() => {
this.handleClick();
});
Page({
content: page2Content,
bgColor: '#fff',
scaleValue: 0.01,
controller: this.pageController[1]
})
.zIndex(this.zIndexList[1])
.onClick(() => {
this.handleClick();
});
}
.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.id('root')
.clip(true);
}

onDidBuild(): void {
if (!this.animator) {
return;
}
}
}

@Component
struct Page {
@Require content: PageContent[] = [];
@Consume @Watch('onInit') info: PageInfo;
@State scaleValue: number = 0.01;
@State r: number = 0;
@State isShow: boolean = false;
bgColor: string = '#fff';
controller?: PageController;

onInit() {
this.r = Math.sqrt(this.info.centerX this.info.centerX +
(this.info.height - this.info.centerY) (this.info.height - this.info.centerY));
}

aboutToAppear(): void {
if (this.controller) {
this.controller.push = (onFinish) => {
this.onPush(onFinish);
};
this.controller.pop = (onFinish) => {
this.onPop(onFinish);
};
this.controller.onFrame = (progress, isPush) => {
if (isPush) {
this.isShow = true;
this.scaleValue = 0.01 + (1 - 0.01) progress;
} else {
this.scaleValue = 1 + (4 - 1) progress;
if (progress >= 1) {
this.isShow = false;
this.scaleValue = 0.01;
}
}
};
}
}

onPush(onFinish: () => void) {
this.isShow = true;
this.getUIContext().animateTo({ duration: 500, onFinish: onFinish }, () => {
this.scaleValue = 1;
});
}

onPop(onFinish: () => void) {
this.getUIContext().animateTo({
duration: 500,
onFinish: () => {
this.scaleValue = 0.01;
this.isShow = false;
onFinish();
}
}, () => {
this.scaleValue = 4;
});
}

build() {
Column() {
if (this.isShow) {
Column({ space: 20 }) {
ForEach(this.content, (item: PageContent) => {
Text(item.content)
.fontSize(item.style.fontSize)
.fontColor(item.style.fontColor)
.fontWeight(item.style.fontWeight)
.fontStyle(item.style.fontStyle)
.fontFamily(item.style.fontFamily);
});
}
.position({ x: this.r - this.info.centerX, y: this.r - this.info.centerY })
.padding({ left: 16, right:16 })
.width(this.info.width)
.height(this.info.height)
.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceEvenly);
}
}
.width(this.r 2)
.height(this.r 2)
.constraintSize({ minWidth: this.r * 2 })
.scale({ x: this.scaleValue, y: this.scaleValue })
.offset({ x: this.info.centerX - this.r, y: this.info.centerY - this.r })
.borderRadius(this.r)
.clip(true)
.backgroundColor(this.bgColor);
}
}
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问题现象
使用Navigation构建路由，从pageOne通过pushPath跳转到pageTwo，期望pageOne的onPop回调在pageTwo返回时被触发，但效果未达预期。

问题代码示例参考如下：

class ParamWithOp {
operation: number = 1
count: number = 10
}

@Entry
@Component
struct PageOne {
pageInfo: NavPathStack = new NavPathStack();
@State message: string = 'Hello World'

@Builder
pageMap(name: string, params: Object) {
if (name === 'pageTwo') {
PageTwo()
}
}

build() {
Navigation(this.pageInfo) {
Column() {
Text(this.message)
.width('80%')
.height(50)
.margin(10)

    Button('pushPath', { stateEffect: true, type: ButtonType.Capsule })  
      .width('80%')  
      .height(40)  
      .margin(10)  
      .onClick(() => {  
        // 将name指定的NavDestination页面信息入栈，传递的数据为param，添加接收处理结果的onPop回调。  
        this.pageInfo.pushPath({  
          name: 'pageTwo', param: new ParamWithOp(), onPop: (popInfo: PopInfo) => {  
            this.message = `[pushPath]last page is: ${popInfo.info.name} result: ${JSON.stringify(popInfo.result)}`  
          }  
        });  
      })  
  }.width('100%').height('100%')  
}.navDestination(this.pageMap)  
.title('pageOne')  

}
}

@Component
struct PageTwo {
pathStack: NavPathStack = new NavPathStack()

build() {
NavDestination() {
Column() {
Button('pop', { stateEffect: true, type: ButtonType.Capsule })
.width('80%')
.height(40)
.margin(20)
.onClick(() => {
// 回退到上一个页面，此处代码，在pop回pageOne页面时，未传参数
this.pathStack.pop();
})
}.width('100%').height('100%')
}.title('pageTwo')
.onReady((context: NavDestinationContext) => {
this.pathStack = context.pathStack
})
}
}
效果预览
点击放大

背景知识
Navigation组件是路由导航的根视图容器，结合导航控制器NavPathStack可实现组件导航。

pushPath：将info指定的NavDestination页面信息入栈。可设置onPop回调函数来接收参数。
pop：弹出路由栈栈顶元素，并触发onPop回调传入页面处理结果。
问题定位
点击放大

查阅官方文档关于pushPath方法的NavPathInfo入参说明，其中的onPop回调函数仅pop、popToName、popToIndex中设置result参数后触发。

分析结论
onPop回调函数需要使用pop、popToName、popToIndex方法返回时设置result参数才会触发，否则不会执行onPop回调。

修改建议
按上节所述，只需在pageTwo中调用pop方法时，传入result参数，即可在pageOne中成功收到onPop的回调。修改问题代码如下：

// 回退到上一个页面，随便传个result即可触发onPop回调
this.pathStack.pop(1);
修改后的运行效果参见效果预览，可以看到，当pageTwo调用pop返回时传入了result参数，在pageOne成功执行了onPop回调，并接收到相关参数。
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问题现象
在List组件中，单个ListItem在同时设置拖拽功能与长按功能时，实际运行之后会产生冲突，如何解决单个ListItem拖拽功能和长按功能的冲突问题？

效果预览
点击放大

背景知识
支持统一拖拽提供了一种通过鼠标或手势触屏传递数据的机制，即从一个组件位置拖出数据并将其拖入到另一个组件位置，以触发响应。
长按手势通过长按屏幕触发长按手势事件。
由于拖拽事件和长按手势都需要通过长按来触发，因此这种组合手势类型会出现冲突，例如List组件中每个ListItem都设置单独的长按事件时，拖拽功能和长按手势功能就会出现冲突。
Grid网格容器，由“行”和“列”分割的单元格所组成，通过指定“项目”所在的单元格做出各种各样的布局。
滑动手势PanGesture，能够提供自定义拖拽事件的功能。
解决方案
由于在ListItem中设置单独的长按事件会与拖拽事件产生冲突，因此建议放弃List本身的拖拽事件，使用滑动手势PanGesture，自行实现拖拽过程的逻辑，然后再通过组合手势的功能，去实现其他的长按事件。
import curves from '@ohos.curves';

@Entry
@Component
struct Page {
// 元素数组
@State numbers: number[] = [];
// 多列
private str: string = '';
row: number = 4;
// 元素数组中最后一个元素的索引
@State lastIndex: number = 0;
@State dragItem: number = -1;
@State scaleItem: number = -1;
item: number = -1;
private dragRefOffsetX: number = 0;
private dragRefOffsetY: number = 0;
@State offsetX: number = 0;
@State offsetY: number = 0;
private FIX_VP_X: number = 108;
private FIX_VP_Y: number = 120;

aboutToAppear() {
for (let i = 1; i <= 36; i++) {
this.numbers.push(i);
}
this.lastIndex = this.numbers.length - 1;
// 多列
for (let i = 0; i < this.row; i++) {
this.str = this.str + '1fr ';
}
}

itemMove(index: number, newIndex: number): void {
console.info('index:' + index + ' newIndex:' + newIndex);
if (!this.isDraggable(newIndex)) {
return;
}
let tmp = this.numbers.splice(index, 1);
this.numbers.splice(newIndex, 0, tmp[0]);
}

// 向下滑
down(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index + this.row)) {
return;
}
this.offsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
// 多列
this.itemMove(index, index + this.row);
}

// 向下滑(右下角为空)
down2(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index + 3)) {
return;
}
this.offsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index + 3);
}

// 向上滑
up(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index - this.row)) {
return;
}
this.offsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index - this.row);
}

// 向左滑
left(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index - 1)) {
return;
}
this.offsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.itemMove(index, index - 1);
}

// 向右滑
right(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index + 1)) {
return;
}
this.offsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.itemMove(index, index + 1);
}

// 向右下滑
lowerRight(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index + this.row + 1)) {
return;
}
this.offsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.offsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index + this.row + 1);
}

// 向右上滑
upperRight(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index - (this.row - 1))) {
return;
}
this.offsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.offsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index - (this.row - 1));
}

// 向左下滑
lowerLeft(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index + (this.row - 1))) {
return;
}
this.offsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.offsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index + (this.row - 1));
}

// 向左上滑
upperLeft(index: number): void {
if (!this.isDraggable(index - (this.row + 1))) {
return;
}
this.offsetX += this.FIX_VP_X;
this.dragRefOffsetX -= this.FIX_VP_X;
this.offsetY += this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.dragRefOffsetY -= this.FIX_VP_Y;
this.itemMove(index, index - (this.row + 1));
}

// 通过元素的索引，控制对应元素是否能移动排序
isDraggable(index: number): boolean {
console.info(index: ${index});
return index > -1; // 恒成立，所有元素均可移动排序
}
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问题现象
在HarmonyOS中，使用NavDestination实现页面跳转至其他页面后，下次进入如何保持跳转前页面的浏览位置？

背景知识
Navigation：Navigation组件是路由导航的根视图容器，一般作为Page页面的根容器使用，其内部默认包含了标题栏、内容区和工具栏，其中内容区默认首页显示导航内容（NavDestination的子组件）或非首页显示（NavDestination的子组件），首页和非首页通过路由进行切换。
@ohos.arkui.observer(无感监听)提供UI组件行为变化的无感监听能力。可以监听Navigation的页面切换事件进行相应操作。
Scroll是一种可滚动的容器组件，当子组件的布局尺寸超过父组件的尺寸时，内容可以滚动。
onDidScroll方法在Scroll滚动时触发，可用于在滑动过程中获取Scroll组件的偏移量yOffset。
scrollTo方法可用于让Scroll组件滑动到指定位置。
AppStorage是应用全局的UI状态存储，和应用的进程绑定，只能在UI主线程中使用，无法在子线程中使用、修改。
解决方案
方案一：使用路由模式保留页面实例。
在页面跳转时不要使用pop和clear等方法，否则NavDestination页面会被回收。可以采用单例模式MOVE_TO_TOP_SINGLETON跳转至指定的页面，该方式会使用栈内已存在的页面实例（即浏览位置不变）。

由于单例模式是从栈底到栈顶依次查找，当栈内存在多个同名页面实例时，会默认跳转最底层的同名页面实例，所以需确保栈内只存在一个同名实例，否则跳转的页面保留的滚动位置与上一次显示的页面会不一致（显示的是栈底同名实例保留的滚动位置）。
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https://pastebin.com/MEq4JbqR
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假如是使用mac电脑，可以使用xcode上传。也可以使用xcode的命令行工具来上传，

但是windows电脑没有xcode这些工具，也没有windows版本的xcode。不过安装xcode比较大，也比较麻烦，mac电脑假如没空间，也可以使用下面windows的方法来上传。

windows电脑发布ipa文件到苹果开发者中心的构建版本，就不能使用xcode，windows发布ipa到构建版本，可使用香蕉云编来上传。

下面，是windows电脑上传ipa的方法：
（1）打开香蕉云编，进入后台，使用上传ipa到app store的功能，点击上传新文件

（2）进入密钥或密码填写界面

这里可以使用app store密钥上传或者专用密码上传，这里建议使用app store密钥上传，更加专业和可靠，因为密钥永远不会失效。

（3）设置app store密钥
假如是第一次上传，还没有app store密钥，就需要先去app store先设置密钥，上传界面有设计密钥或专用密码的教程。

（4）上传ipa
填写完所有资料，最后一步，就是上传ipa了，上传过程大概一两分钟，就可以看到上传成功了。上传成功半小时后，留意苹果的邮件，看看有没有成功进入构建版本。

在hbuilderx打包ios应用，ios应用最终编译和打包后，会产生一个ipa格式的压缩文件，是一个.ipa后缀的文件。这个文件在苹果商店里叫构建版本。

上架的时候，需要将这个ipa文件上传到app store的构建版本上，需要使用第三方上传工具来上传。

跨平台工具：香蕉云编

mac电脑工具：xcode或者transporter

由于这里需要兼顾windows和linux开发者，因此，这个教程主要是针对使用香蕉云编上传的教程。

（一）进入苹果开发者中心后台

在苹果开发者中心，点击登录图标登录，登录后就进入苹果开发者中心的后台，可以看到app store connect这个板块，这个板块里面有个App菜单，如下图所示：

点击App这个菜单，进入APP列表页面。

（二）新建App

进入App列表页面后，假如App还不存在，则需要新新建一个App才能正式上架。
新建的时候后，需要填写名称、主要语言、套装ID和SKU这些信息，其中套装ID一定要选对，这个跟你打包的APP的appId是对应的：

（三）填写资料

点击App列表页面的App名称，就可以填写APP资料上架了。

（四）上传构建版本

在页面下面，有一项是需要选择构建版本，也就是上传ipa文件到这里。
但在苹果开发者中心无法直接上传ipa文件，因为它需要做一些ipa文件完整性校验。需要使用第三方工具来上传。这里可以使用跨平台的香蕉云编这个工具来上传：

https://www.yunedit.com/ipasend

（五）在香蕉云编上传ipa到构建版本

登录香蕉云编，进入上传ipa到app store的功能菜单，点击上传后，出现这个界面：

在上传界面里，可以使用app store密钥或者专用密码两种方法上传，这里推荐使用app store密钥上传，因为专用密码有时候会失效，比如改了用户登录密码后，专用密码也会失效。

app store密钥的设置方法，可以参考上图红色字体的教程。

（六）等待苹果邮件

在香蕉云编上传成功后，还不一定能上传到构建版本里面去，因为你的APP还可能有问题，需要等半个小时，再查看苹果邮件，看看有没有报错信息。

（七）上架

受到苹果邮件后，假如提示上传成功，就可以在刚才选择构建版本的界面，点蓝色加号选择构建版本了。

选择完构建版本，填写完其他的资料，就可以上架啦，上架要等待苹果人工审核。

打包的时候，报遇到The certificate is expired这个错误，字面意思其实很明了，就是证书过期了。

管理证书的组好的方法，最好是亲自去苹果开发者开发者中心生成，这样可以充分了解ios证书过期的生命周期，也可以提前创建和管理证书，这里我推荐使用香蕉云编+苹果开发者中心来生成。

主要是在苹果开发者中心，删除旧的证书和profile文件，然后重新生成。

而因为在苹果开发者中心，生成证书的时候，由于需要提供csr这种文件，生成完证书后还需要导出成p12格式的私钥证书，因此需要香蕉云编作为辅助功能来做配合。工具：

https://www.yunedit.com/createcert

直接使用这个工具来生成即可，傻瓜式的可视化工具，假如流程有不懂，可以直接看工具里生成证书界面的教程。

公司有项目需要上传，绝对正规且合规，需要跟由企业证书的小伙伴咨询一下相关事宜，酬劳丰厚（不低于几个月工资）！！qq290783040 .不用留言，请直接加我。万分感谢本平台能够提供交流的空间。

在hbuilderx打包的时候，想放到发布平台去扫码测试，或者上架app store connect，需要使用自建证书打包，不能再使用数据线连接的方式安装到手机。

而创建ios证书的教程，提示我们需要使用mac电脑的钥匙串访问去申请证书，然而我的电脑却是windows电脑。

后来发现没有mac电脑能创建ios证书，可以使用香蕉云编来生成p12私钥证书，profile文件在苹果开发者中心就可以生成，不需要mac电脑。

创建的过程如下：

1）申请苹果开发账号，这个步骤最麻烦最消耗时间，可以参考下面的教程申请苹果开发账号。完成这步后，后面的步骤都很简单。假如你们公司已经有账号就不需要申请账号了。

https://juejin.cn/post/7529496810265575458

2）进入苹果开发者中心，点击证书功能，创建一个证书，创建证书的第一步，选择ios distribution类型的证书。

3) 创建证书的过程中，提示需要提供一个csr文件，提示需要在mac电脑申请这个文件。如下图所示：

4）这个步骤，可以不用mac电脑来申请，可以改用香蕉云编来代替：
https://www.yunedit.com/createcert

5）接着下一步，就生成证书文件了。在苹果开发者中心下载下来，证书是.cer后缀格式的，还不是hbuilderx所需的p12格式的证书。

6）接着使用香蕉云编，生成p12证书的功能，将cer转换成p12格式，生成p12证书前，是需要先上传刚才在苹果开发者中心生成的cer证书去香蕉云编先的，如下图所示：

完成上面6个步骤，p12私钥证书文件就创建完毕了。

还有profile文件需要创建。

7）登录苹果开发者中心，找到Identifiers模块，创建一个应用。
注意，创建应用的时候，填写的应用的APPID，需要填写一个java格式的包名，一般是com.xxname.xxapp这样的格式。
这个appId，是跟hbuilderx的云打包里面的包名对应的，需要一致。

8）创建profile文件，在苹果开发者中心，找到profile模块，就可以创建profile了。
在这里需要提醒的是，创建profile的时候，假如选择app store connect类型，就是创建上架类型的profile。
假如创建的是Ad hoc类型，就是真机测试类型，可以用来给团队其他成员安装测试的。生成ad hoc类型的话，可以放到香蕉云编或者蒲公英这种测试平台来扫码安装。

创建profile的过程还需要绑定APPID（应用）和绑定Certificate（证书）的，就是绑定前几个创建的应用和证书，假如你有多个应用或多个证书，可别选错了。

假如选择的是ad hoc类型，它提示还需要绑定测试设备的udid的，你还是提前获取到你团队的所有udid，再去创建测试类型的profile文件。因为添加了新成员，profile又需要重新创建的，重下下载profile文件的。

获取udid的最简单的方法是使用ios测试设备，扫描香蕉云编获取udid的工具，根据它的提示来获取udid:
https://www.yunedit.com/udid

好了，完成上面的8个步骤，证书和profile文件应该就创建完了。